See simulate on Wiktionary
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"etymology_text": "First attested in 1652; Borrowed from Latin simulātus, perfect passive participle of simulō (“make like, imitate, copy, represent, feign”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from similis (“like”). See similar.",
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31,
39
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"text": "We will use a smoke machine to simulate the fog you will actually encounter.",
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25
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"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
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"roman": "qallada",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "قَلَّدَ"
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"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "simuliram",
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"word": "симулирам"
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"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simular"
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"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "模拟"
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{
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"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
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"code": "cs",
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"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
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"word": "napodobovat"
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{
"code": "da",
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"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simulere"
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"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simuli"
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{
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"lang": "Eton (Cameroon)",
"lang_code": "eto",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "bád"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simuloida"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simuler"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simulieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "nachahmen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "szimulál"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "menirukan"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "menyimulasikan"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "shimyurēto-suru",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "シミュレートする"
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"code": "la",
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"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simulo"
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"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "similo"
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{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simis sum"
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"code": "la",
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"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "accedo"
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"lang_code": "lg",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "okopa"
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"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "mensimulasikan"
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{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "whakatau"
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"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "symulować"
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{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simular"
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{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simula"
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{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "simulírovatʹ",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "симули́ровать"
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{
"code": "sh",
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"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simulirati"
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"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simular"
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"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simulera"
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"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "ipagpanggap"
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"code": "tl",
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"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "ipagkunwari"
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"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "ipagkunwa"
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"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simule etmek, benzetmek"
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"lang_code": "uk",
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"word": "симулюва́ти"
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{
"word": "simular"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular voseo imperative of simular combined with te"
],
"id": "en-simulate-es-verb-GbFQdbiO",
"links": [
[
"voseo",
"voseo#Spanish"
],
[
"simular",
"simular#Spanish"
],
[
"te",
"te#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-voseo"
]
}
],
"word": "simulate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sem-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ate (adjective)",
"English terms suffixed with -ate (verb)",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Eton (Cameroon) translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Luganda translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "simulative"
},
{
"word": "simulatively"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sem-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1652"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1652",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "simulātus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin simulātus",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "perfect",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "passive"
},
"expansion": "passive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ate",
"id1": "verb",
"pos1": "verb-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ate (verb-forming suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in 1652; Borrowed from Latin simulātus, perfect passive participle of simulō (“make like, imitate, copy, represent, feign”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from similis (“like”). See similar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "simulates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simulating",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "simulated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "simulated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "simulate (third-person singular simple present simulates, present participle simulating, simple past and past participle simulated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "simulator"
},
{
"word": "emulate"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
31,
39
]
],
"text": "We will use a smoke machine to simulate the fog you will actually encounter.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
25
]
],
"text": "This video game simulates a pinball machine.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To model, replicate, duplicate the behavior, appearance or properties of."
],
"links": [
[
"model",
"model"
],
[
"replicate",
"replicate"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɪm.jʊˌleɪt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-simulate.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-simulate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-simulate.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-simulate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-simulate.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɪm.jəˌleɪt/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɪm.jʊˌlæɪt/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "shtirem"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "qallada",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "قَلَّدَ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "simuliram",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "симулирам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simular"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "mónǐ",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "模拟"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "simulovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "napodobovat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simulere"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simuli"
},
{
"code": "eto",
"lang": "Eton (Cameroon)",
"lang_code": "eto",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "bád"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simuloida"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simuler"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simulieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "nachahmen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "szimulál"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "menirukan"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "menyimulasikan"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "shimyurēto-suru",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "シミュレートする"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simulo"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "similo"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simis sum"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "accedo"
},
{
"code": "lg",
"lang": "Luganda",
"lang_code": "lg",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "okopa"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "mensimulasikan"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "whakatau"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "symulować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simular"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simula"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "simulírovatʹ",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "симули́ровать"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simulirati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simular"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simulera"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "ipagpanggap"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "ipagkunwari"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "ipagkunwa"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"word": "simule etmek, benzetmek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "symuljuváty",
"sense": "to model, replicate, duplicate the behavior",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "симулюва́ти"
}
],
"word": "simulate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ate (adjective)",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1425"
},
"expansion": "First attested in c. 1425",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "i",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inherited"
},
"expansion": "inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "symulat",
"4": "symulat(e), simulat(e), similat(e)",
"5": "feigned; similar",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English symulat(e), simulat(e), similat(e) (“feigned; similar”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "symulat",
"4": "symulat(e), simulat(e), similat(e)",
"nocap": "1",
"t": "feigned; similar"
},
"expansion": "inherited from Middle English symulat(e), simulat(e), similat(e) (“feigned; similar”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "simulātus"
},
"expansion": "Latin simulātus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ate",
"id1": "adjective",
"pos1": "adjective-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ate (adjective-forming suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in c. 1425, in Middle English; inherited from Middle English symulat(e), simulat(e), similat(e) (“feigned; similar”), borrowed from Latin simulātus, see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and Etymology 1 for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more simulate",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most simulate",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "simulate (comparative more simulate, superlative most simulate)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
14
]
],
"ref": "1545, John Bale, The Image of Both Churches:",
"text": "under simulate religion",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Feigned; pretended."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Feigned; pretended."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɪm.jʊ.lɪt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɪm.jə.lət/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Middle English"
],
"word": "simulate"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian adjective forms",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian past participle forms",
"Italian verb forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "simulate",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "simulato"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine plural of simulato"
],
"links": [
[
"simulato",
"simulato#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "simulate"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian adjective forms",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian past participle forms",
"Italian verb forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "past participle form",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "simulate f pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "simulato"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine plural of simulato"
],
"links": [
[
"simulato",
"simulato#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"participle",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "simulate"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian verb forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "simulate",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "simulare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of simulare:",
"second-person plural present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"simulare",
"simulare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "simulare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of simulare:",
"second-person plural imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"simulare",
"simulare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"word": "simulate"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "simulāte",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "simulāte"
},
"expansion": "simulāte",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin verb forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "simulō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person plural present active imperative of simulō"
],
"links": [
[
"simulō",
"simulo#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"word": "simulate"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "simulate",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "simular"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular voseo imperative of simular combined with te"
],
"links": [
[
"voseo",
"voseo#Spanish"
],
[
"simular",
"simular#Spanish"
],
[
"te",
"te#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"object-second-person",
"object-singular",
"second-person",
"singular",
"with-voseo"
]
}
],
"word": "simulate"
}
Download raw JSONL data for simulate meaning in All languages combined (15.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-20 using wiktextract (cdfa371 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.